When it's time to replace an appliance, efficiency should be a key consideration. More efficient appliances use less energy over their lifetime, which reduces environmental impact and energy use. Here's what to look for across major appliance categories.
Understanding Efficiency Ratings
Energy Labels
Most countries have energy labeling programs:
- Labels show relative efficiency compared to similar products
- Higher ratings mean better efficiency
- Labels often show estimated annual energy use
- Look for the highest efficiency you can afford
What Ratings Mean
- More efficient appliances typically cost more upfront
- They use less energy over their lifetime
- The most efficient models often have the latest technology
Refrigerators
Efficiency Factors
- Size: Larger refrigerators use more energy—right-size for your needs
- Configuration: Top-freezer models tend to be most efficient
- Features: Through-door ice/water dispensers increase energy use
- Age: New models are significantly more efficient than older ones
What to Look For
- High efficiency rating for the size category
- Appropriate size for your household
- Temperature controls that allow precise settings
- Good door seals
Washing Machines
Efficiency Factors
- Type: Front-loaders typically use less water and energy
- Water use: Less water means less to heat
- Spin speed: Higher spin removes more water, reducing drying time
- Size: Match to your typical laundry loads
What to Look For
- High efficiency rating
- Cold water wash effectiveness
- Load-sensing water levels
- High spin speed options
Dryers
Efficiency Factors
- Heat pump dryers: Much more efficient than conventional
- Moisture sensors: Stop when clothes are dry, preventing over-drying
- Gas vs. electric: Depends on local energy sources
What to Look For
- Heat pump technology if available
- Moisture sensor (not just timed drying)
- Good lint filtration
- Appropriate capacity for your washer
Dishwashers
Efficiency Factors
- Water use: Efficient models use less water per cycle
- Wash system: Sensor-based systems adjust to soil level
- Drying: Models without heated dry are more efficient
What to Look For
- High efficiency rating
- Soil sensors
- Eco/energy-saving cycles
- Air dry option
Air Conditioners
Efficiency Factors
- SEER rating: Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio—higher is better
- Size: Properly sized unit for your space (not bigger)
- Inverter technology: More efficient than on/off cycling
Types for Apartments
- Window units: Most common for apartments
- Portable units: Less efficient but no installation
- Mini-splits: Very efficient but require professional installation
Small Appliances
Kitchen
- Microwave: Generally efficient; size to your needs
- Toaster oven: More efficient than full oven for small items
- Electric kettle: Very efficient for boiling water
- Induction cooktop: Most efficient cooking technology
Personal Care
- Hair dryers: Look for efficient heating elements
- Electric shavers: Generally low energy use
For Renters
If your landlord provides appliances:
- Report malfunctioning appliances
- Request efficient replacements when appliances fail
- For small appliances you own, choose efficient models
- Focus on the appliances within your control
Right-Sizing Matters
A smaller, highly efficient appliance often beats a larger, less efficient one. Don't buy more capacity than you need—a refrigerator that's too big or an AC unit oversized for your space will use more energy than necessary for your actual needs.